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Physics-Informed Deep Learning-Based Real-Time Structural Response Prediction Method

Ying Zhou,Shiqiao Meng,Yujie Lou,Qingzhao Kong,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.011

摘要： High-precision and efficient structural response prediction is essential for intelligent disaster prevention and mitigation in building structures, including post-earthquake damage assessment, structural health monitoring, and seismic resilience assessment of buildings. To improve the accuracy and efficiency of structural response prediction, this study proposes a novel physics-informed deep-learning-based real-time structural response prediction method that can predict a large number of nodes in a structure through a data-driven training method and an autoregressive training strategy. The proposed method includes a Phy-Seisformer model that incorporates the physical information of the structure into the model, thereby enabling higher-precision predictions. Experiments were conducted on a four-story masonry structure, an eleven-story reinforced concrete irregular structure, and a twenty-one-story reinforced concrete frame structure to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. In addition, the effectiveness of the structure in the Phy-Seisformer model was verified using an ablation study. Furthermore, by conducting a comparative experiment, the impact of the range of seismic wave amplitudes on the prediction accuracy was studied. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can achieve very high accuracy and at least 5000 times faster calculation speed than finite element calculations for different types of building structures.

关键词： Structural seismic response prediction Physics information informed Real-time prediction Earthquake engineering Data-driven machine learning

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FlowDNN：一种用于快速精确流场预测的物理启发深度神经网络 Research Articles

陈东林1,高翔1,2,徐传福1,2,王思齐1,2,陈世钊1,方建滨1,王铮3

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第2期页码 207-219 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000435

摘要：对于与流场相关的设计优化问题，例如飞机和汽车空气动力学设计，计算流体力学（CFD）模拟通常用于预测流场并分析性能。虽然CFD模拟十分重要，但它的迭代计算非常需要计算资源且极其耗时。昂贵的模拟开销限制了大范围设计空间的探索，并阻碍了实时的交互式设计。在本文中，我们提出FlowDNN模型，它是一种新颖的深度神经网络，可从CFD结果中高效地学习流场表示。FlowDNN根据给定的流动条件和几何形状可以直接预测预期的流场结果，从而极大地节省计算时间。FlowDNN首次结合了流体力学的基本守恒定律和注意力机制进行定常流场预测。这样做不仅可以提高预测准确性，而且可以维持预测流场的物理一致性，这对于CFD模拟至关重要。本文设计了多种指标以评估FlowDNN预测的整体流场和关键区域的结果（如流场快速变化的边界层）。实验结果表明，FlowDNN明显优于其他方法且具有更短的推理时间和更准确的结果。它与最新的GPU并行求解器相比，生成流场的速度提升14 000倍以上，同时保持预测误差在5%以内。

关键词：深度神经网络；流场预测性能；注意机制；物理损失函数

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电磁超材料：从新物理现象到新信息系统 Review Articles

Rui-yuan WU, Tie-jun CUI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第21卷第1期页码 4-26 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900465

摘要：由于对电磁波强大的调控能力，超材料和超表面吸引了越来越多研究者的关注。本文回顾总结近年来电磁超材料的发展，从最初的新物理现象到现在的新信息系统。首先展示等效媒质超材料的定义和应用，包括隐身衣和超材料透镜等。随后介绍二维超材料，即电磁超表面，对空间波和表面波的调控功能，同时概述表面等离子激元及其在微波段的应用。在此基础上，着重介绍新颖的数字编码超材料和可编程超材料，统称信息超材料。通过将理论层的信息科学与物理层的超材料设计联系在一起，实现一系列新型器件和系统，同时实现信息和电磁波调控。最后，对超材料的未来发展做出展望。

关键词：超材料；等效媒质理论；超表面；表面等离子激元；数字编码；可编程；信息

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基于内嵌物理信息深度学习模型的增材制造工艺参数及熔池尺寸预测 Article

赵明志, 韦辉亮, 茅仪铭, 张长东, 刘婷婷, 廖文和

《工程（英文）》 2023年第23卷第4期页码 181-195 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.09.015

摘要：

熔池特征对激光粉末床熔融（PBF）的打印质量有显著影响，打印参数和熔池尺寸的定量预测对LPBF中复杂过程的智能控制至关重要。然而由于高度非线性，打印参数和熔池尺寸的双向预测一直极具挑战。为了解决此问题，本工作融合典型实验、机理模型和深度学习研究激光PBF过程中关键参数和熔池特性的正向和逆向预测。实验提供基础数据，机理模型显著增强数据集，多层感知器（MLP）深度学习模型则根据实验和机理模型构建的数据集预测熔池尺寸和工艺参数。结果表明可以实现熔池尺寸和工艺参数的双向预测，最高预测准确率接近99.9%，平均预测准确率超过90.0%。此外，MLP模型的预测准确率与数据集的特征密切相关，即数据集的可学习性对预测准确率有至关重要的影响。通过机理模型增强数据集后的最高预测精度为97.3%，而仅使用实验数据集时的最高预测精度只有68.3%。MLP模型的预测准确率在很大程度上取决于数据集的质量。研究结果表明使用MLP进行复杂相关性的双向预测对于激光PBF是可行的，本工作为选定智能增材制造的工艺条件和结果提供了一个新颖而实用的框架。

关键词：增材制造熔池模型深度学习可学习性

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Where physics meets chemistry: Thin film deposition from reactive plasmas

Andrew Michelmore, Jason D. Whittle, James W. Bradley, Robert D. Short

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第4期页码 441-458 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1598-7

摘要： Functionalising surfaces using polymeric thin films is an industrially important field. One technique for achieving nanoscale, controlled surface functionalization is plasma deposition. Plasma deposition has advantages over other surface engineering processes, including that it is solvent free, substrate and geometry independent, and the surface properties of the film can be designed by judicious choice of precursor and plasma conditions. Despite the utility of this method, the mechanisms of plasma polymer growth are generally unknown, and are usually described by chemical (i.e., radical) pathways. In this review, we aim to show that plasma physics drives the chemistry of the plasma phase, and surface-plasma interactions. For example, we show that ionic species can react in the plasma to form larger ions, and also arrive at surfaces with energies greater than 1000 kJ?mol (>10 eV) and thus facilitate surface reactions that have not been taken into account previously. Thus, improving thin film deposition processes requires an understanding of both physical and chemical processes in plasma.

关键词： thin films plasma physics plasma chemistry functionalization polymer

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空间物理和空间天气探测与研究

王赤

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第6期页码 41-45

摘要：

空间物理学是1957年人造卫星发射成功后迅速发展起来的一门交叉学科。近50年来，空间已成为人类生存的第四环境，其重要性日益突出。20世纪90年代初，空间物理学与空间应用的密切结合产生了专门研究和预报空间环境中灾害性过程及其变化规律，减轻或防止空间灾害并为人类活动服务的空间天气学。文章简要总结了国外及国内空间物理和空间天气探测的历程和发展趋势，并提出对我国未来空间物理和空间天气探测发展规划和探测路线图的几点建议。

关键词：空间物理空间天气空间物理探测发展规划

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物理学与中国能源可持续发展——献给2005世界物理年

杜祥琬,李庆忠

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第2期页码 1-6

摘要：

物理学与工程技术有着密切的相互联系，能源工程技术与物理学的关系具有典型的代表性，物理学的应用可以对我国能源事业的发展做出重要的贡献。文章着重阐述了原子核物理学和核能工程（包括裂变核能和聚变核能），光电效应与光伏发电，风能、生物质能与物理学，物理化学与煤的多联产、洁净化技术，地球物理学与能源资源勘探等能源问题；讨论了物理学在节能中的三个应用：节能照明、建筑节能和交通节能；分析了中国能源的可持续发展前景。

关键词：物理学中国能源节能可持续发展

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不辱历史使命致力民族强盛的中国工程物理研究院

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第8期页码 91-92

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泰州大桥中塔沉井基础承载力模型试验研究

阮静,胡丰

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第5期页码 57-61

摘要：

泰州大桥中塔位于江中心，基础覆盖层高达200 m。通过多方面比选，基础采用58 m×44 m四角倒圆的矩形沉井，高76 m。为确保泰州大桥中塔沉井基础的安全和稳定，开展了1∶100的模型试验，获取了泰州大桥沉井极限承载力以及沉井埋深、土体含水量、侧壁摩阻力对极限承载力的影响。

关键词：沉井承载力泰州大桥物理模型试验

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薛禹胜：信息-物理-社会系统对能源转型的主动支撑（2020年8月15日）

2022年06月13日

关键词：能源

Framework based on building information modeling, mixed reality, and a cloud platform to support information

Berardo NATICCHIA, Alessandra CORNELI, Alessandro CARBONARI

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 131-141 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0071-y

摘要： The quality of information flow management has a remarkable effect on the entire life cycle of buildings. Manual retrieval of technical specifications and features of building components and their performance assessment leads to increased cost and time and efficiency reduction, especially during the facility management (FM) stage. The introduction of building information modeling (BIM) in the construction industry can provide a valuable means of improving the organization and exchange of information. BIM tools integrate multiple levels of information within a single digital model of a building. Nevertheless, the support given by BIM to FM is far from being fully effective. Technicians can benefit from real-time communication with the data repository whenever the need for gathering contextual information and/or updating any data in the digital model arises. The framework proposed in this study aims to develop a system that supports on-site operations. Information requirements have been determined from the analyses of procedures that are usually implemented in the building life cycle. These studies set the standard for the development of a digital model of a building, which will be shared among various actors in charge of FM and accessed via a cloud platform. Moreover, mixed reality is proposed to support specific information that is relevant to geometric features and procedures to be followed by operators. This article presents three use-cases supported by the proposed framework. In addition, this research article describes the first proof of concept regarding real-time support for FM.

关键词： information flow management BIM mixed reality common data environment facility management

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Research on the Giant and Complex Financial Information System Engineering Management from the Perspectiveof Meta-synthesis Methodology—with the Bank Card Information Exchange System Engineering as a Sample

Hong-feng Chai,Quan Sun

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 404-413 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016037

摘要： The paper empirically studies the engineering practices of the national currency circulation information system-China Union Pay’s Bankcard Information Exchange System. By integrating the meta-synthesis methodology and the financial information system engineering, the paper proposes basic principles and processes of the giant and complex financial information system engineering management, and further explores its paradigm and toolkit.

关键词： financial information system meta-synthesis methodology bank card information exchange

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Analysis and experiment of controllability of magnetorheological fluids based on micro-pipeline

Yongqing SU, Yikuan SONG, Jiguang YUE

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第3期页码 339-344 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0048-3

摘要： The controllability of the magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) flowing through a micro-pipeline is analyzed. The coupled formulas for MRF are deduced by analyzing the property of the flow field and magnetic field. Then, the relationship between the flow speed of MRF and the special shear stress under the effect of the magnetic field is founded. The model of the MRF and micro-pipeline is established by using multi-physics software of Comsol, the curve of - in an ideal condition is attained by modifying parameters, and by adding the boundary condition of the model. This paper provides a theoretical proof of the controllability of MRF flowing through the micro-pipeline and explores MRF’s application on the micro-drive and control field.

关键词： Magneto-rheological fluids (MRF) micro-pipeline coupled model multi-physics simulation

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New method of fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on distance of information entropy

Houjun SU, Tielin SHI, Fei CHEN, Shuhong HUANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第6卷第2期页码 249-253 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0124-3

摘要：

This paper introduces the basic conception of information fusion and some fusion diagnosis methods commonly used nowadays in rotating machinery. From the thought of the information fusion, a new quantitative feature index monitoring and diagnosing the vibration fault of rotating machinery, which is called distance of information entropy, is put forward on the basis of the singular spectrum entropy in time domain, power spectrum entropy in frequency domain, wavelet energy spectrum entropy, and wavelet space feature entropy in time-frequency domain. The mathematic deduction suggests that the conception of distance of information entropy is accordant with the maximum subordination principle in the fuzzy theory. Through calculation it has been proved that this method can effectively distinguish different fault types. Then, the accuracy of rotor fault diagnosis can be improved through the curve chart of the distance of information entropy at multi-speed.

关键词： rotating machinery information fusion fault diagnosis Information entropy distance of the information entropy

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Owner-dominated building information modeling and lean construction in a megaproject

Mingyue LI, Zhuoling MA, Xi TANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期页码 60-71 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0042-3

摘要： The integration of building information modeling (BIM) and lean construction (LC) provides a solution for the management of megaprojects. Previous studies have generally focused on the theoretical or empirical adoption of BIM and LC. Moreover, only a few studies have examined the approach of simultaneously using BIM and LC in megaprojects. Therefore, an intensive study on the application of BIM and LC in megaprojects, particularly to explore considerably effective integrated application modes of BIM and LC in megaprojects, will substantially promote the management efficiency of megaprojects. The current study describes a method that integrates owner-dominated BIM and LC that was developed in a case study. The proposed method provides a framework for all stakeholders to use BIM and LC in a megaproject dominated by the owner. The interactional relations among the owner, BIM, and LC were analyzed and positive interactions were identified. These positive interactions served as a basis for the implementation of this integrated approach in a case study and could be applied to other megaprojects. The megaproject (i.e., airport construction project) was examined to verify the performance of the developed method. Results showed that the integration of BIM and LC dominated by the owner can improve management performance and achieve high quality standard.

关键词： building information modeling lean construction airports project management